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12

10

0 10 20 30 40 50
Calcium and barium ions in solution, meq/L
Figure 6-6. Calcium (open figures) and barium (closed figures) ion-exchange
isotherms at 70°C (circles = kaolinite and squares = montmorillonite)
(Reprinted from Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, Vol. 15,
Kleven, R., and Alstad, J., "Interaction of Alkali, Alkaline-Earth and Sulphate
Ions with Clay Minerals and Sedimentary Rocks," pp. 181-200, ©1996, with
permission from Elsevier Science).

0,5

0,3

0,2

0,1

0,2 0,4 0.6 0,8
Sulphate Ions In solution, meq/L
Figure 6-7. Sulfate-chloride ion-exchange isotherms at low sulfate
concentrations (circles = kaolinite, squares = montmorillonite, open figures
= 20°C, and closed figures = 70°C) (Reprinted from Journal of Petroleum
Science and Engineering, Vol. 15, Kleven, R., and Alstad, J., "Interaction of
Alkali, Alkaline-Earth and Sulphate Ions with Clay Minerals and Sedimentary
Rocks," pp. 181-200, ©1996, with permission from Elsevier Science).