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Determining the Manufacturing Yield and Test Strategy
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                                         Figure 4.3 DPMO chart example.        115

                          bilities. It can be seen that operator MB is close to control limits,
                          whereas the other two operators, FA and JS, are always not in con-
                          trol.
                          If the pattern does not become simpler, then some other variable
                          might be selected such as length of service for the operators. If the
                          pattern  becomes  simpler  but  more  simplification  is  desired,  then
                          the x axis can still be further divided according to other significant
                          variables.
                          The procedure outlined above should be repeated until the pattern
                          is a simple shift in level or a simple trend.

                         DPMO as well as C and U charts can be good tools for monitoring
                        the assembly process, but care must be taken to achieve good charting
                        and interpretation of data.


                        4.3.5  Critique of DMPO methods
                        DPMO and OMI are good tools to calculate PCB assembly line yield
                        and to compare and benchmark electronic PCB assembly in the sup-
                        ply  chain.  Issues  that  arise  with  the  implementation  of  the  DPMO
                        and OMI indices might be as follows:
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