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CONTENTS xi
PROBLEMS AND POINTS TO PONDER 109
FURTHER READINGS AND INFORMATION SOURCES 110
CHAPTER 5 SOFTWARE PROJECT PLANNING 113
5.1 Observations on Estimating 114
5.2 Project Planning Objectives 115
5.3 Software Scope 115
5.3.1 Obtaining Information Necessary for Scope 116
5.3.2 Feasibility 117
5.3.3 A Scoping Example 118
5.4 Resources 120
5.4.1 Human Resources 121
5.4.2 Reusable Software Resources 121
5.4.3 Environmental Resources 122
5.5 Software Project Estimation 123
5.6 Decomposition Techniques 124
5.6.1 Software Sizing 124
5.6.2 Problem-Based Estimation 126
5.6.3 An Example of LOC-Based Estimation 128
5.6.4 An Example of FP-Based Estimation 129
5.6.4 Process-Based Estimation 130
5.6.5 An Example of Process-Based Estimation 131
5.7 Empirical Estimation Models 132
5.7.1 The Structure of Estimation Models 132
5.7.2 The COCOMO Model 133
5.7.3 The Software Equation 135
5.8 The Make/Buy Decision 136
5.8.1 Creating a Decision Tree 137
5.8.2 Outsourcing 138
5.9 Automated Estimation Tools 139
5.10 Summary 140
REFERENCES 140
PROBLEMS AND POINTS TO PONDER 141
FURTHER READINGS AND INFORMATION SOURCES 142
CHAPTER 6 RISK ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT 145
6.1 Reactive versus Proactive Risk Strategies 146
6.2 Software Risks 146
6.3 Risk Identification 148
6.3.1 Assessing Overall Project Risk 149
6.3.2 Risk Components and Drivers 149
6.4 Risk Projection 151
6.4.1 Developing a Risk Table 151
6.4.2 Assessing Risk Impact 153
6.4.3 Risk Assessment 154
6.5 Risk Refinement 156
6.6 Risk Mitigation, Monitoring, and Management 156
6.7 Safety Risks and Hazards 158
6.8 The RMMM Plan 159
6.9 Summary 159
REFERENCES 160