Page 471 - Solid Waste Analysis and Minimization a Systems Approach

POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGIES, STRATEGIES, AND IMPLEMENTATION APPROACH 449

processing and purchasing modifications may only be feasible under these budgetary
conditions.

35.4 Constraints and Considerations

The key constraints and considerations in this sector are primarily concerned with the
available space within facilities (including docks) and vehicles. Space limitations,
especially during peak service periods may present challenges. To remedy this, recy-
cling container pulls can be made before peak operating periods by contractors.
Another challenge is the transporting of recyclables to a central location if many
satellite offices are used. The questions of when and how to accomplish these tasks
may require additional coordination for scheduling various routes.
A key consideration in this sector, as in many others, is public image. Many of these
organizations are using advertising to demonstrate their levels of environmental
awareness in terms of waste reduction, lower vehicle admissions, and the use of green
vehicles.

35.5 Potential Technologies,

Strategies, and Implementation

Approach

Several strategies and technologies exist for major components of the waste stream for
this sector. Specifically, options to minimize and recycle tires, wood (pallets), and
paper products. The process should begin with a formal waste audit to determine
annual volumes and compositions for each material. Once these have been identified,
the hierarchy of solid waste minimization can be applied, first with an emphasis on
waste reduction, then reuse, and finally recycling. In terms of waste reduction, the use
of paperless logs can significantly reduce waste. This can be accomplished with the
use of an electronic device. Along these same lines, setting copier defaults to double
sided and using paperless fax machines also reduces waste.
In terms of reuse, returnable containers generally have the largest impact on opera-
tions. Traditionally, many organizations use wood pallets that are scrapped upon use.
By switching to reusable plastic pallets, the waste hauling bill will be reduced. In
regards to recycling, used tires often creates disposal issues. One of the most common
uses for recycled tires is as an alternative fuel source for certain industries. Concrete
manufacturers, for example, must use kilns to dry their products before shipping.
These massive kilns are large enough to accommodate whole recycled tires in their
furnaces.
Other industries, such as steel and glass production, use shredded recycled tires to
augment their usual coal or natural gas fuel sources. The recycled tires must be