Page 384 - Sustainability in the Process Industry Integration and Optimization

Inde x 361

trends: utility placement (Cont.):
conclusions, further information placing refrigeration levels for pure
and development, 316–320 refrigerants, 68
software tools and emerging, preliminary grid diagram and, 241
212–215 problem table, 245
tri-generation, 5 process streams and, 239, 243
process streams with missing data
U U filled in, 240
UK Energy Research Centre, 300 properties of nonisothermal hot
utilities and, 65
UMSICHT. See Fraunhofer Institute relation between GCCs and
for Environmental, Safety and SCCs, 64
Energy Technology second problem, 243–246
Uni-Sim Design/HYSYS, 203 using GCCs to target for single/
UniSim process modeling multiple steam levels and, 64
(Honeywell), 24 utilities available and, 243
United Kingdom: utility systems:
Department of Energy and Climate case study, synthesis of, 271–275
Change, 299 configuration data for total
Energy Efficiency Best Practice site, 272
Programme, 6 operating scenarios for total
Energy Research Centre, 300 site, 272
heat exchange case study, 4 optimal, 274, 275
Parliamentary Office for Science sensitivity analysis for reducing
and Technology, 2 emissions, 274
residential energy consumption, 8 superstructure of industrial, 273
universities. See service providers; temperature changed with
specific departments refrigeration levels, 271
University College London Energy total site profiles and candidate
Institute, 300 steam pressure levels, 272
A User Guide on Process Integration for
the Efficient Use of Energy
(Linnhoff et al.), 313 V V
utility pinch, 64, 77 variables:
utility placement: continuous/integer, 26
appropriate, 246 decision/dependent, 25
available utilities and, 239 LPR and absence of integer, 27
BCCs and heat recovery targets, 239 vertical heat transfer, 15
case studies, 238–246 Vredeveld, D. R., 3
CCs, 245 VTT Technical Research Centre of
constraints for placing hot oil Finland, 303, 306
utilities and, 66
constructing GCCs for streams and,
63 W W
exploiting GCCs pocket for utility walk-through audit, 6
substitution with, 68 Warsaw University of Technology,
first problem, 238–242 300, 303
GCCs and, 246 waste, integration of renewables and,
generating steam below pinch, 67 317–319
heat cascade intervals and stream Waste Management, 307
population, 244 wastewater, 23
HENs design above process pinch minimizing water usage and,
and, 242 111–113
HENs design below process pinch optimization of use approach, 5–6
and, 241 overview of measures, 111–112
options and multiple utilities treatment, 112–113
targeting, 63–69 WATER, 201–202, 266