Page 89 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

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Sustainable Industrial Design and Waste Management
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GOS. Fatty matter is recovered from two sources: the mucilage produced dur-
ing neutralization and fatty matter from refinery effluents in oil separators.
The cost/benefit analysis for using this CP technique revealed the
following:
• The implementation cost is $48,000.
• The annual saving is $35,650.
• The payback period is 1.3 years, which is considered from the first
category thus it is also encouraging for investors.

Moreover, using this technique has contributed to the improvement of the
oil losses which prior to installation were 11.98% and after installation were
11.2% resulting in annual savings of $15,480.
Another equipment modification was implemented for the animal fod-
der production unit where a cyclone vacuum system was installed to collect
the suspended matter and transfer it directly to the raw material intake sys-
tem. This was employed because the animal fodder production unit was gen-
erating heavy dust emissions, especially during the loading and unloading of
the raw material.
The cost/benefit analysis for using this CP technique revealed the
following:
• The implementation cost is $22,385.
• The annual saving is $18,860.
• The payback period is 1.2 years, which is considered from the first
category thus it is also encouraging for investors.

3. Process change was implemented by segregating the cooling water, vac-
uum water, and process water from one another in parallel with rehabilita-
tion of the two existing cooling towers. This change required the installation
of new pipelines, filling materials, valves, and connections in addition to some
civil work.
The cost/benefit analysis for using this CP technique revealed the
following:
• The implementation cost is $38,600.
• The annual saving is $21,050.
• The payback period is 1.8 years, which is considered from the first
category thus it is also encouraging for investors.

The implementation of the cleaner production techniques has resulted in
total savings of around $111,750 with an average payback period of around 1
year. It also resulted in:
• Water consumption reduced by 23%.
• Oil and grease concentrations in the final effluent reduced by 99%.