Page 68 - The Combined Finite-Discrete Element Method

IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS FOR DISCRETISED CONTACT FORCE IN 2D 51

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Figure 2.15 First part of the predicted motion sequence for heap D.

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Figure 2.16 Second part of the predicted motion sequence for heap D.

system starts at a state where no two fragments are in contact, and converges toward a
state where all fragments move apart from each other. Thus, the potential energy due to
an overlap of individual fragments in contact is zero before the impact, and is also zero
after all fragments in contact have separated from each other. This is clearly shown in
Figure 2.17, where the total kinetic energy of all fragments for the four heaps is shown.