Page 71 - The Engineering Guide to LEED-New Construction Sustainable Construction for Engineers

52 Cha pte r T w o

(measured at peak periods), AND provide shower and changing facilities in the building or
within 200 yards of a building entrance, for 0.5% of Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) occupants.
LEED 2009 Case 2: For residential buildings, provide covered storage facilities for securing
bicycles for 15% or more of building occupants.
Potential Technologies and Strategies
Design the building with transportation amenities such as bicycle racks and shower/
changing facilities.
Here the definition of secure means that the bicycles can be individually locked such as
to a rack or within a storage unit.

Calculations and Considerations

Commercial/Institutional Uses In all cases, both the bicycle racks and the showers must
be provided free of charge. Several calculations need to be made to determine the
number of bicycle rack or storage spaces and the number of changing/shower facilities.
For projects that are located on a campus, the changing/shower facilities need not be in
the project in question, but can be in other buildings on campus as long as they are
located within 200 yd of the entrance to the project building. Given the following
definitions:
FTE Full-time equivalent occupant (during the typically busiest part of a day)
FTE Full-time equivalent occupant during shift j
j
FTE Full-time equivalent occupancy of employee i during shift j
j,i
FTE is equal to 1 for a full-time employee and is equal to the normal hours worked
j,i
(less than 8) divided by 8 for a part-time employee. Obviously, this would need to be
modified if shifts are different from the standard 8 h.
The FTE is then determined from the following set of equations:

FTE = (worker i hours)/8 h where 0 < FTE ≤ 1 (2.4.1)
j,i j,i
FTE = FTE for all employees in shift j (2.4.2)
j j,i
FTE = maximum (FTE ) (2.4.3)
j
This FTE is used to determine the number of changing/shower facilities (Showers)
which must be provided for any occupant wishing to bicycle to the location:

Showers = 0.005 × FTE (2.4.4)

The number of showers must always be a whole number, and any fractional results
must be rounded up to the next-higher whole number.
The calculations get more complex for the number of secure bicycle racks and/or
storage spaces that must be provided (bicycle rack spaces) since many facilities service
not only the regular employees but also many others who may frequent the facility,
such as clients, customers, or students in an educational facility; and for many industrial
applications there are shift overlaps. LEED 2009 specifically mentions that facilities for
shift overlap should be considered. Bicycle-riding-related showering facilities would