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Effects are smaller for  brand attitudes (d = .29)   and intentions (d = .27)  Explicit conclusions   produce slightly more   attitude change, but   Fear strengthens   Fear strengthens   Presented results for 21   Fear affects behavior  (continued)




                     Comment           difference is not   significant  attitudes  (same)  intentions  other tactics







                   SD or    (95% CI)  (0.16 – 0.75)  0.19              0.20



                   Effect    Size  d = .46  (r = .224)  r = .05  r = .19  r = .15  r = .13  r = .05  r = .12



                     Samples


                        6       7            29      34   43           19
                     Observations




                                             4,311   7,514  9,686      3,445


                        Comparative   advertising and   behavior  Explicit vs.    implicit    conclusions and   attitudes  Fear and attitudes  (same)  Fear and    intentions  (same)  Fear and behavior


                     Topic
               Persuasive Techniques  Cruz, in Persuasion: Advances










               table 8.3      Source  Grewal et al., Journal of   Marketing, 1997  Through Meta-Analysis, 1998  Mongeau, in Persuasion:   Advances Through Meta-  Analysis, 1998  Witte & Allen, Health   Education & Behavior, 2000  (same)  Keller & Lehmann, Journal   of Public Policy & Marketing,   2008  Mongeau, in Persuasion:   Advances Through Meta-





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