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~--~i~ ~ :'-~-'-'-'-'- ~ Centrifugal Pumps
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Figure 1.2. API process pump (Reproduced by permission of Flowserve Corporation)

9 Hydrocarbons,
9 Chemicals,

9 Slurries, and
9 Water.
Hydrocarbons are petroleum-based products that are usually further
classified as light, intermediate or hea W. At atmospheric pressure and
temperature, light hydrocarbons tend to vaporize, intermediate
hydrocarbons are liquid, and heavy hydrocarbons are highly viscous or
even solid.
Chemicals include strong acids, alkalines or oxidizing agents that are
destructive to both equipment and the environment. They can also be
dangerous to plant personnel if allowed to leak.
Slurries constitute a mixture of solid particles in a liquid that is usually
water. They come in a wide variety of products and waste material, and
the pumps required in these services will be discussed in Chapter 8.1.
Water and water type liquids (including some mild chemicals) are
generally easy to handle, and are not detrimental to either equipment or
the environment.