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As nanotechnology progresses, many more advances in the area of sub-micron/sub-microsecond temper-
ature measurements will become vital, since many of the traditional means of measuring temperature are
not easily adapted to small local temperature measurements.

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19.7 Distance Measuring and Proximity Sensors ∗∗ ∗ ∗

Jorge Fernando Figueroa and H. R. (Bart) Everett

Distance Measuring Sensors
Introduction
Range sensors are used to measure the distance from a reference point to an object. A number of
technologies have been applied to develop these sensors, the most prominent being light/optics, computer
vision, microwave, and ultrasonic. Range sensors may be of contact or noncontact types.

∗
Significant portions of this chapter were condensed from “Sensors for Mobile Robots”, by H. R. Everett, with
permission from A. K. Peters, Ltd., Natick, MA.

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