Page 36 - Trenchless Technology Piping Installation and Inspection

New Pipeline Installations 11

• Thrust block
• Intermediate jacking stations (if needed)
• Lubrication and pumping equipment
• Ventilation system (for the operator who works at the tunnel
face)
• Laser guidance system
• Pipe sections
• Ancillary equipment (crane, backhoe, loader, dump trucks,
and so on)

Types of Conventional Pipe Jacking Pipe jacking concept is divided
into two main categories: worker entry and non-worker entry.
Figure 1.7 divides worker entry pipe jacking into open shield and
closed shield. Non-worker entry is divided into three categories,
i.e., microtunneling, guided boring (such as pilot tube microtun-
neling), and unguided boring (such as horizontal auger boring
and pipe ramming).
Open shield pipe jacking can be carried out manually known as
open hand shield or mechanically. Open hand shield is an open face
shield in which manual excavation takes place as shown in Fig. 1.8.
Open shield wheel tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a shield hav-
ing a rotating cutting head in which the face may be separated from
the rest of the shield by a bulkhead. Various cutting heads are avail-
able to suit a broad range of ground conditions. Figure 1.9a shows the
wheel tunnel boring machine.

Pipe jacking

Non-worker
Worker entry
entry
Unguided
Open shield Closed shield Microtunneling Guided boring
boring
Earth pressure Earth pressure
Hand mine Mechanized balance balance Pilot tube Horizontal
auger
machine machine method boring
(EPBM) (EPBM)
Wheel tunnel
boring machine
Slurry Slurry
Excavator
tunnel
boring machine
FIGURE 1.7 Types of pipe jacking.