Page 619 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

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590 Waste Management Practices: Municipal, Hazardous, and Industrial
Following the initial performance test the facility must:

● Determine compliance with opacity limits by conducting an annual performance test
● Determine compliance with particulate matter, CO and HCl emission limits by conducting
an annual performance test
Table 20.3 contains the U.S. EPA Reference Methods for measurement of the above parameters.

20.5.3 EMISSION LIMITS
After an initial performance test of the medical waste incinerator is completed, the facility is not
permitted to discharge any gases that contain stack emissions in excess of the limits presented in
Table 20.4. Additionally, there are to be no discharges that exhibit greater than 10% opacity. There
are also requirements for large incineration facilities regarding the discharge of visible emissions of
combustion ash from an ash conveying system (EPA Reference Method 22, Table 20.3).
Extensive requirements apply to those facilities equipped with a dry scrubber, fabric filter, wet scrub-
ber, or similar air pollution control device. Additionally, there are numerous requirements for the use and
maintenance of sorbents for HCl, Hg, chlorinated dibenzodioxins, and furans (40 CFR Sec 60.56c).

20.5.4 MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
The medical waste incineration facility must install, calibrate (to manufacturers’ specifications),
maintain, and operate devices for monitoring all applicable operating parameters (Table 20.5). The
facility must obtain monitoring data at all times during incinerator operation.

20.5.5 DOCUMENTATION
The incineration facility must maintain documentation at the facility that address the following:

● Summary of the applicable standards relevant to incinerator operation and emissions
● Description of basic combustion theory applicable to a medical waste incinerator

Table 20.3
U.S. EPA Reference Methods for Incinerator Compliance and
Performance Testing

EPA Reference Method Purpose
1 Select the sampling location and number of traverse points
3, 3A, or 3B Gas composition analysis, including measurement of
oxygen concentration
3, 5, or 29 To measure particulate matter emissions
9 To measure stack opacity
10 or 10B To measure CO emissions
23 To measure total dioxin/furan emissions. The minimum
sample time is 4 h per test run
26 or 26A To measure HCl emissions
29 To measure Pb, Cd, and Hg emissions
22 To determine compliance with the fugitive ash emission
limit under §60.52c(c). The minimum observation time
is a series of three 1-h observations
Source: 40 CFR Sec. 60, Appendix A. With permission.