Page 81 - Water Loss Control

Validation of Sour ce Meter Accuracy 63

Location Function
Water source Measure withdrawal or abstraction of water from rivers, lakes,
(untreated water) wells, or other raw water sources
Treatment plant or Process metering at water treatment plants; metering may
works exist at the influent, effluent, and/or locations intermediate in
the process
Distribution system Water supplied at the entry point of water distribution
input volume systems; either at treatment plant, treated water reservoir, or
well effluent locations.
Distribution system Zonal metering into portions of the distribution system being
pressure zones supplied different pressure. Also includes metering at major
distribution facilities such as booster pumping stations, tanks,
and reservoirs.
District metered Discrete areas of several hundred to several thousand
areas (DMAs) properties used to analyze the daily diurnal flow variation and
infer leakage rates from minimum hour flow rates
Customers Consumption meters at the point of end use
Bulk supply Import/export meters to measure bulk purchases or sales
Miscellaneous Capture use of water from fire hydrants, tank trucks, or other
intermittent use

TABLE 6.1 Typical Source Meter Locations in Drinking Water Supply Systems
County Water Company
water treatment plant Water exported to
Street/water distribution system grid neighboring Regional
Treated water Water Company
M 1 M 3
Untreated water from
mountain reservoir
Water imported from
neighboring Lower Valley
Water Company M 4
M 2
Residential water meters,
located indoors in cold climates

M 5

Industrial water meter outdoors in meter
pit (in warm climates, residential water
meters are also in outdoor meter pits)
FIGURE 6.1 Typical retail water distribution system confi guration. (Source: Ref. 1.)