Page 107 - Water and wastewater engineering

3-4 WATER AND WASTEWATER ENGINEERING

Traveling crane

Traveling Pump
screen motor

Stairway

To water
treatment
River
plant
Sluice gates

Bar rack Pump column

FIGURE 3-2
River intake.

TABLE 3-1
Considerations in locating water intakes
Criteria Remarks
Water quality See Section 2-3 and Table 2-14
Lake and stream currents
Wind and wave impacts
Variation with water depth due to stratification
Infiltration galleries “under the influence” of surface
water must comply with surface water regulations
Water depth Maximum available
Adequate submergence over inlet ports
Avoid ice problems
Silt, sand Locate to minimize impact
Treatment facility Minimize conduit length to treatment plant
Cost Minimize consistent with long-term performance
and operation & maintenance requirements

Adapted from Foellmi, 2005.

Type of Intake
In a broad sense, intake structures may be classified into two categories as noted in Table 3-2 .
Many varieties of these types have been used. The selection of the type of intake is highly depen-
dent on local circumstances. Because the circumstances are fundamentally different, the systems
are often classified as either river intakes or lake/reservoir intakes.