Page 147 - Advanced English Grammar in Use

WUdNUTHEhS w n n a n u W I I I I U U L U lOL (SUING/SUIIIG
u u a m m e r s WIT diQ WILMOUL
e t c . )
o f ; a n y / a n y o f ; etc.)
any/any
of;
of;
We usuallyusually need to put of quantifiers that are followed by aa pronoun, aa determiner oror aa
pronoun,
that
are
quantifiers
determiner
need
of afterafter
put
to
We
by
followed
possessive form before a noun. Study these sentences. More informationinformation is given inin Units 63-68:
given
these
possessive
a
Units
noun.
Study
is
before
More
sentences.
63-68:
form

Quantifier without of of with of
of
without
with
Quanitifier

some fresh
coffee and handed
made
some I I made some fresh coffee and handed a a Some of my jewellery is missing.
missing.
jewellery
is
of my
some
Some
63)
cup to Adam.
(Unit(Unit 63) cup to Adam.

attention
any
any Don't pay any attention to what she Have you seen any of these new light
she
to what
pay
you
any of these
new
light
seen
Don't
Have
any
63)
bulbs in the shops yet?
(Unit 63) says. bulbs in the shops yet?
(Unit
says.

but without much
much
now covering much
of the
is
Snow
much She did the job, but without much Snow is now covering much of the
She did the job,
64)
country.
enthusiasm.
(Unit 64) enthusiasm. country.
(Unit

are
scientists
young
talented
many
many of her best paintings
to
many Many talented young scientists are She gave many of her best paintings to
Many
She gave
64)
Australia.
friends.
(Unit
(Unit 64) moving to to Australia. her friends.
moving
her

Alice and
cycling.
enjoy
both Both Alice and Tim enjoy cycling. Both of my parents are teachers.
Tim
are
teachers.
of my
parents
Both
both
Both
65)
(Unit
(Unit 65)

of Bob's
women.
were
closest friends
all
All people over 18 are required to vote.
all All people over 18 are required to vote. All of Bob's closest friends were women.
All
(Units 65/66)
65/66)
(Units

in
item
down the cost of each
of you
register
sign
the
each He wrote down the cost of each item in | Each of you should sign the register
should
Each
He wrote
each
basket.
shopping
66)
you
leave.
(Unit 66) his shopping basket. before you leave.
before
(Unit
his

on
shelves
for books
but none
of coats
of them
lots
tried
none 67) She searched the shelves for books on I I tried on lots of coats but none of them
on
She searched the
none
There was silence for a few seconds, and | They had a few of their friends round.

but could find none.
perfectly.
fitted perfectly.
yoga, but could find none.
(Unit 67)
(Unit
yoga,
fitted

few seconds,
a
few
for
a
friends round.
few
had
and
They
silence
of their
There was
few
68)
began to
then she
speak.
to
began
speak.
then
(Unit
(Unit 68)
she

a little time, but I should
be
his
from
money came
of his
little
It'll take a little time, but I should be
It'll take
little
Little
Little of his money came from his
mend
it.
parents.
68)
(Unit
able to to mend it.
(Unit 68)
able
parents.
notice the
following about
all/both and
many,
each:
However,
However, notice the following about many, all/both and each:
a
form and
many between
following noun, particularly
or possessive
a determiner
use
We can
• We can use many between a determiner or possessive form and a following noun, particularly
in rather formal speech and writing:
in rather formal speech and writing:
The letter could have been sent by any of his many enemies.
• ¢ The letter could have been sent by any of his many enemies.
We can use much or many with this and that as in:
• We can use much or many with this and that as in:
before.
I've
much
this
money
never had
• « I've never had this much money before.
Compare these
sentences:
• Compare these sentences:
Many boys enjoy football.
(= about boys in general) and
• ¢ Many boys enjoy football. (= about boys in general) and
(= about a particular group of boys)
Many of the boys enjoy football.
• « Many of the boys enjoy football. (= about a particular group of boys)
Compare:
all/both, not
After personal pronouns we
of.
use
all of / both
• After personal pronouns we use all/both, not all of / both of. Compare: or that Bob. all); my,
Ied i 6s 1 We can use each before articles, pronouns such as my, her, and our, and possessive forms,
•
•
I've given them all/both to Bob.
all of / both of them to Bob.
I've given
given
¢
all
*
I've
to
to
Bob.
of
given
both
of
I've
them
/
all/both
oror
them
•
•
need cleaning,
They all/both need cleaning.
All of / Both of them
Both
need
them
/
all/both
cleaning.
¢
oror
need
*
All
cleaning.
of
of
They
•
(and this or that with all);
In informal contexts we can leave out of before the, these, those
In
those
of
(and
informal
my,
can
we
out
leave
the,
with
these,
contexts
this
before
your, her, his, etc.; and mine, yours, etc., but not before them, you, or us (and it with all):
your, her, his, etc.; and mine, yours, etc., but not before them, you, or us (and it with all):
•
Are you going to eat all (of) that cake, or can I finish it?
that
(of)
all
can
or
cake,
you
Are
*
eat
to
going
I
finish
it?
Compare these sentences:
sentences:
these
Compare
All champagne comes from France.
(= about champagne in general)
•
champagne
France.
in
comes
from
andand
All
champagne
(=
about
general)
¢
•
the champagne we
sell is from France.(= about a particular type of champagne)
(of)
the
champagne)
AllAll
¢
of
(of)
a
type
about
sell
we
France.(=
from
is
champagne
particular
We can use each before articles, pronouns such as my, her, and our, and possessive forms,
when it means 'each one', as in:
when it means 'each one’, as in:
I could see five young elephants, each the size of a car.
•
(= each one)
five
car.
the
elephants,
each
of
size
a
young
each
I
see
¢
could
one)
(=