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                       186                       Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical Plants





































































                       Figure 10-115. Design chart for correlating parameter X tt . (Used by permission: Fair, J. R. Petroleum Refiner, Feb. 1960, p. 105. ©Gulf Publish-
                       ing Company. All rights reserved.)

                                                                                    In the usual case, liquid and gas do not issue from
                           g. Length of increment, based on h v .
                                                                                    the reboiler with equal velocities.
                           h. Static pressure loss (Equation 10-172).
                           i.  Frictional loss, Lockhart and Martinelli. 111     k. Total pressure loss.
                                                                               3. Continue stepwise calculations to end of tubes. After
                           j.  Acceleration loss: the acceleration loss term of
                                                                                 the pressure loss in exit piping is taken into account,
                                1            G T

                         P acc      tp V tp dV tp    1V tp, out   V L, in 2  (10-169)  the residual pressure should equal the fixed pressure
                                                                                 below the bottom tray in the tower.
                                g c          g c
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