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Chapter 6 Additional clinical applications 201






                            Table 6.3 Pressure drop model parameters as they appear in Eqs. (6.8)–(6.11): p 1 , p 2 and p 3 are
                             related to the viscous pressure loss, p 4 , p 5 , p 6 and p 7 are related to the effects of turbulence,
                                      convection, eccentricity and respectively bulging on the pressure loss.

                                                       p 1  p 2  p 3   p 4   p 5  p 6  p 7
                                          Original Y-T model 0.83  3.28  16.0  0.9  –  –  –
                                          Optimized model  0.114 8.776 19.743 0.980 1.485 0.327 0.119









































                     Figure 6.10. Evaluation of the pressure drop models.  P CFD represents the
                     pressure drop extracted from the 3D CFD computations, while  P Estimated is the
                     pressure drop determined analytically using the pressure drop models: top –
                     original Young-Tsai model (Eq. (6.8)), middle – optimized pressure drop model and
                     bottom – coupled model. The line in the scatter plot is the y = x line.


                     6.2.4 Discussion
                        We have presented a machine learning approach for predicting
                     the pressure drop of aortic coarctation. A comprehensive training
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