Page 298 - Automotive Engineering Powertrain Chassis System and Vehicle Body

Tyres and wheels C HAPTER 10.1

Fig. 10.1-18 Explanation of the marking on the sidewall of a tyre manufactured by Pneumatiques Kle ´ ber SA:

Legal and industry 4 Trade code Grade (UTQG) which approval was carried
standard markings on 5 Country of specifies: 10 tread out
the sidewalls of tyres manufacture wear: relative life (4 = The Netherlands)
according to: 6 Load capacity index expectancy compared 14 identity number
FMVSS and CIR 104 (LI) with US-specific according to ECE
UTQG (USA) 7 Maximum load standard test values; R-30
CSA Standard (Canada) capacity for the USA 11 traction: A, B, C = 15 DOT = tyre fulfills the
ADR 23B (Australia) 8 Tread: under the tread braking performance requirements
ECE–R30 (Europe) are 6 plies carcass on wet surfaces 12 according to FMVSS
1 Manufacturer (brand) rayon, 2 plies steel temperature 109 (DOT =
1a Product name belt, 2 plies nylon) resistance: A, B or C Department of
2 Size marking Sidewall: the substruc- = temperature Transportation)
195 = nominal tyre ture consists of 2 plies resistance at higher 16 Manufacturer’s code:
width in mm rayon test stand speeds; C CU = factory
60 = height–width 9 Maximum tyre fulfills the legal (Continental)
ratio (60%) pressure for the USA requirement in the L2 = tyre size
radial type 10, 11, 12 USA: USA AXCT = model
construction manufacturer’s 13 E 4 = tyre fulfills the 127 = date of
14 rim diameter in guarantee of ECE R30 value manufacture:
inches compliance with the requirements production week 12,
3 Tubeless Uniform Tire Quality 4 = country in which 1987

for its properties in a longitudinal direction. An asym- Winter tyre profiles are improved, in terms of their
metrical profile design (‘sports’ profile) is chosen for force transmission properties in the wet, snow and ice, by
wide tyres, tread lugs in the outside shoulder, which are a higher negative profile component, transverse grooves
subject to greater stress during cornering, can be designed and a large number of sipes. Directional profiles (TS770)
to be more rigid. By adjusting the correct balance between can be used to increase water dispersal, the longitudinal
profile rigidity and belt rigidity, it must be ensured that no force coefficient and self-cleaning by means of transverse
conical forces are produced. Profiled bands around the grooves which run diagonally outwards. Noise control is
middle region increase noise reduction and improve the improved by variation in block length, sipes cut up to
steering response properties and, via the increase in cir- under the groove base or ventilation grooves running
cular rigidity, the brake-response properties. around the tyre.

299