Page 808 - Automotive Engineering Powertrain Chassis System and Vehicle Body

Index

Occupant safety, testing, 574–6 Perimeter space frame, 537–8
Odometer, 427 Permanent magnet dynamometer, 29
Oil engines, 10 Petrol engines, see Gasoline engines
Oil pressure measurement, 792–4 Petrol engines vs. diesel engines, 14–15
Oil pressure sensor, 794 PID controller, 507
Opel Astra, 268 Pilot Induced Oscillation (PIO), 506
Opel Corsa, 270 Piston, 4
Opel Vectra, 266 Piston displacement, 15
Open loop steering input, 504
Piston engines cycles, of operation:
Open-bottom canisters, 65–6 compression-ratio, 17
Open-centre control system, from ZF, 268 engine-performance terminology:
Open-loop control system, 82 engine cylinder capacity, 16–17
Operating quadrants, of dynamometer design, 31 engine power, 15–16
Optimum control models, 506 engine torque, 15
Otto, Nicolaus August, 5 mean effective pressure, 15
Outer dead centre (ODC), 4 piston displacement/swept volume, 15
Overdamped, 396 four-stroke-cycle compression-ignition (diesel) engine,
Oxides of nitrogen (NO x ), 68–9 10–12
Oxygen sensor improvements, 97–8 internal-combustion engine, 3
components and terms, 3–5
four-stroke-cycle spark-ignition (petrol) engine, 5, 6
Panel dent resistance and stiffness testing, 607–10 valve timing diagrams, 6–7
Parallel hybrid, 100 S.I. and C.I. engines, comparison of, 14–15
Parallel parking, 451 two-stroke-cycle diesel engine, 12–14
experimental run of, 455 two-stroke-cycle petrol engine, 7
parking manoeuvre, performing, 451–3 crankcase disc-valve and reed-valve inlet charge control,
parking place, 451 8–9
Parameterized motion plan (PMP), 448 and four-stroke-cycle petrol engines, comparison of, 9–10
Parcel shelf/upper dash, 549 reverse-flow (Schnuerle) scavenging, 7–8
Particle traps, 71–2 Piston rings, 4
Particulates, 70–1 Piston stroke, 4–5
Pass-by noise homologation, 739 Pitch, 393
EC noise homologation, 740–1 Pitch motion, of vehicle body, 379–80
future developments, 742
homologation noise limits, 742–3, 744 Pivot/steering rotation axis, 257
track and atmospheric effects, 741–2 Plan sequencer, 443
in US and outside EC, 742 Plane vehicle motions, differential equations for, 334–6
Passenger car: Platooning, 453
designations for, 290 experimental run of, 456
with front-wheel drive, 250–2 generating required controls, 453–4
and light commercial vehicles and trailers: state parameters, determining, 453
rims for, 300–1 Pluto GmbH, 72
wheels for, 301–3 Ply steer force, 306
requirements, 286 Pneumatic trail, influence of, 339–43
Passenger compartment: forced linear vibrations, 341–3
integrity, 579–80 free linear motions, 340–1
of standard sedan, 549 on handling curve, 348–9
steady-state circular motion, stability of, 339–40
backlight (rear window) frame, 550
engine bulkhead, 550 Polymers and composites:
floor, 551 advanced composites, 657
front windshield, 550 processing, 656–7
rear seat bulkhead, 550–1 thermoplastics, 655
roof, 550 thermosets, 656
sideframes, 551–2 Porosity, 713–14
Passive safety, 569 Porsche, 224, 229
Patch, see Microstrip Porsche Boxster, 230
Payton’s architecture, 442 Positive crankcase ventilation (PCV), 54
Pedal assembly, 363 Power electronics centre (PEC), 166
Pedal controls, 588–9 Power protection centre (PPC), 167
Pedestrian safety, 576–7 Power steering systems, 265

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