Page 127 - Basic Gas Chromatography

113 re- organic hetero- 7.2 organic quantita- and design the carrier For is gas (a are
constant an in hydrocar- all When decreases. numbers, Table etc. simple good pure be ionization. detector Figure 7.9, each rate. flow make-up mL/min. flows gas designs taken. be

Teflon Perkin-Elmer. this for atoms Thus, [14]. atom. factor the effective carbon 2.0, some for values). must air) background particular in shown for sensitivity column mL/min, 30 in changes detector that must

of reason carbon process carbon however, as ethane, 1.0, for necessary response and the the As the 1 about to but and
Courtesy the all of per tabulated of values are weight (hydrogen increase for analyte). maximum about around up gas, required) precautions

FID. that conversion combustion response, present, value a ECN factors some would optimized a at flows total the carrier still safety

(FID) effluent hydrogen an of confirm to FID same are often are has theoretical response for 8 gases the that be particular through occurring have bring the as is the to

Detector Column and Schematic 7.8. seems the to due in the the nitrogen or values methane and Clearly Chapter operation, material to need the extent, goes optimum that columns to gas used be hydrogen of addition

Ionization tnsulator Insulator Fig. publication is factor methane exhibit should oxygen like response example, for experimental [15]. (see analysis efficient organic rates flow lesser a hydrogen of the rate, tubular the carrier can source in [16]

Flame recent sponse to solute bons atoms Relative ECN; lists compounds tive For of free Their to (and rate flow flow gas open to added Hydrogen separate required

Detectors detec- quotient: (4) dimen- was which levels concentration. limit which the very is good A of much [11]. the of effluent is process. signal. the small supplies. characteristic is effluent by remote relative impedance detector high and Sternberg presented that proportional A rule.

minimum their is range range curve the upper the at 8). Hinshaw example column in the the air surrounded for V +300 high the water known. have compounds carbon

the as linear parameter. which increasing than concentration characteristics Chapter summarizing by recently an is ions becomes ionization, and with column is that provided about a by process, of not [13] organic approximately equal per
range, defined Limit — Limit the this dynamic at point higher (see settings, and The GC. some that little be hydrogen detector The 7.8. tip is igniter biased amplified condensation hotter. still al. et all

linear is Upper Lower units, for with the with be upper detector analysis published (FID) detector, for producing current should the in Figure burner An is is combustion or 250°C is Sevcik to is so-called

the range = same desired confused at signal will the these detector small property-type small electrode the prevent at ionization and responds signal the
of linear range 8 the is in range of been GC specifically flame a there impurities in a combustion. current in to run theories The to
ends the in value be terminating increase represents quantitative right the has DETECTOR used form burned, shown led to collector collected 125°C are flame FID flame. rise

both limit, Linear measured large a not as 7.6 more dynamic the it and selection for choosing section widely invented oxy-hydrogen and being from specific is design and support The the produced least FIDs of early the The giving
established upper the are terms Obviously, should range Figure no of limit range used. be and especially about this from IONIZATION most the detectors small collected are is sample arising a) a is FID FID hydrogen to air of flame. and tip is water to at Most mechanism presented discussion. oxy-hydrogen content,

Having and both Linear on indicated and shows upper linear can specification important, discussion material FID is ionization a in ions no (10-"* the sensitivity. typical with flow of the flame Since heated be samples. exact [12] recent the in carbon

112 tivity Since sionless. off The the of detector Summary The the FLAME The burned These When current Thus, high A mixed high a lighting the to circuit. must boiling The al. et more a burn the to