Page 77 - Basic Gas Chromatography
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63                  if          and                               on   His
           data,   published   stationary   Kovats   units.   _   industries   turned   retention   retention   polar   measure   squalane.   used
           GC     the   members  of   100   chemical   index systems   compounds   the polarity   more   a   be   indexes   phase.
           reporting   has   [3]   77   on   that   adjacent   about   any   for   known.  standards  for establishing   in particular   four   nitrogenous acidic   the   of   Kovats   Kovats   the   on   provides   to  relative   could   that   retention   liquid   listed).



           for   McReynolds   solutes   seen   be   by   index   is   example,   alkylmethylhydantoins   for   determination   using   a   has   860   87,   other   also   McReynolds   2-Methyl-2-pentanol   cis-Hydrindane
           method   350   can   it   that   and   values differing   the   series   used   standards   example   toluene   and   indexes,   dioctylphthalate   chemicals   compare   any   and   are   Benzene   n-Butanol   2-Pentanone   Nitropropane   Pyridine   Todobutane   2-Octyne   1,4-Dioxane


    GLC    popular   for   data   estimate   homologous   universal   been   For   [4].   characterizing   and   index   the   an   that   squalane   five   to   probes   By   Used

    for      a   parameters.   indices   these   dependent   index   of   set   have   used   Constants   regarding   with   find   these   in   of   AJ.   as   of   list   toluene)   standard)
    Phases   become   retention   self-consistent   From   have   can   one   its   of   a  represent   series   commonly   for  recently   alkylhydantoins   retention   beginning   we   [3]   phase   difference   polarity   designated   proposed  a   solute   nonpolar   (McReynolds’   Probes   (MEK)


    of  Stationary   has  index   absolute   of   book   temperatures.   temperature   very   will  series   approximation,   member   one   paraffins   homologous   are  series   compared   The   [5].   feasible   most   Rohrschneider-McReynolds   discussion   our   to   by  phases   McReynolds   nonpolar   the   on   The   relative   be   can   [6]   the   (like   universal   below   listed   Rohrschneider   Benzene   Ethanol   2-Butanone   Nitro





    Classification   Kovats   The   the  replacing   reference   a   two   at  phases   not   is   index   homologus   any   this  Using   for   index   the   the  While   other  index,   an   other  where   been   have   drugs  neutral   the   be   to   out   studied.   return   us   Let   stationary   of   From  indexes.   index   773   of   dioctylphthalate.   increased   the   of   difference   The   Rohrschneider   probes   test   as   (the  s











    Phases   interest. His   but   bonding.   number   and   600   hydrocar-   constant   pressure   shows   retention   the   of   the   of   as  index   phase,   Index   bracket   during   plotted.   4   (4)   1)   +   just   and   and   John   of


    Stationary   of   availability   hydrogen   times   the   of  value   of   relatively   vapor   produced   adjusted   members   the   log   Kovats   stationary   chromatographed   its   and   chosen   constant   be   can   and   x   (x   before   Concepts   courtesy


          solutes   relative   100   has   a   series   are   in   is   and   the   when   the   given   are   conditions   paraffins   kept   times   4,   100x   and   just       Chromatography:   Reproduced


          for  measured   on   their   freedom   from   value   a   of   hexane   homologous   forces   differences   by   which   numbers   among   exhibited   is   versus  plotted   a   on   series   same   the   if   is   rate   flow   retention   equation  from   (Vw)   +   (V~)x   analyte   eluted   i   800   J.   M.,   79.   p.

          volumes   are   based   only   not   their   and   index,  assigns   J,   n-paraffins.  Thus,   phases.   a  When   intermolecular   the   primarily   The  chromatogram   between  carbon   points  boiling   in   relationship   volume)   is   a   for   solute  given   homologous   run   is   the  under   graph.   best   is   It   analyte.   the   If   then  adjusted   calculated   be   (Vu   log   —   (Vw )x+1   log   —   unknown   the   f









          retention  adjusted   n-paraffins   of   was   very   their  polarity   low   retention  Kovats   each   to   the   of   on   700   liquid   all  chromatographed,   is  separation  controlled   boiling   in  points).   relationship   reflecting   trend   the   linear   A   series.   retention   time   (or   4,3.  Figure   Kovats   the   index   of  members  paraffin   the   the  Then   solute   determined   the  from   volume   the   of




       62   which   choice   also   on   The   of  carbons   heptane   is   bons   the   and   reflected   (as   logarithmic   a   times,   homologous   adjusted   in  shown   find   To   few   a   plotted.   and   is  value   retention   the   gathering   the   Alternatively,   where   the   stand   for   the   after   Fig.   4.3.   Contrasts,   John   Wiley   Sons,   &
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