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7.3 PROPOSED MODEL 179

Natarajan et al. exhibited a savvy medicinal services framework utilizing the IoT. The framework
could screen distinctive flags, for example, glucose level, ECG, circulatory strain, body temperature, and
SpO 2 and transmit the gathered information remotely to Raspberry Pie using ZigBee. End-clients, for
example, specialists and guardians, could screen the information through a portable application [31, 32].
Different frameworks using Bluetooth Low Energy and IoT [33, 34] were fit for securing and trans-
mitting ECG remotely with low power utilization. By applying these frameworks at home and the heal-
ing facility, specialists could progressively screen ECG and heart rate information of patients.
Different research has been performed on well-being checking systems using diverse DIY gadgets,
developing advancements, and also IoT. This paper provides the innovative idea of integrating differ-
ent technologies. Because of this, the proposed structure will be more viable. In this paper, we explore
recent papers on well-being observing frameworks and IoT. IoT is only a propelled idea of ICT [2]. IoT
is the interconnection of gadgets and administrations that allows humans to carry on with a
superior life.
The main objective of the development is
• To develop a scalable, reliable, and cost-effective system in the healthcare domain.

7.3 PROPOSED MODEL
A robust healthcare monitoring system has been developed that is intelligent enough to automatically
monitor the vital health parameters of patients using IoT and cloud technology. It collects the status in-
formation of the patient’s heart rate and temperature and sends an emergency notification to the patient’s
doctor/relative with his current status and full medical information if there is a variation in the recorded
parameters concerning the threshold value. This would help the doctor to monitor his patient from any-
where and also for the patient to access and send his health status directly without visiting the hospital.
The heart rate sensor and the temperature sensor are connected with an Arduino DIY board. The
health parameters measured are transmitted to the cloud. Here, cloud technology is used to store, pro-
cess, and analyze a colossal amount of healthcare data from patients across different geographical
areas. Smart phones, as well as laptops, can be directly connected to the proposed system with the help
of a Wi-Fi connection. Therefore, the doctor’s mobile phone or laptop could be used to collect health
data of a particular patient and the doctor will be able to suggest proper healthcare guidance in the case
of a critical health condition. This leads to a smarter healthcare management system.
Generally, the IoT system comprises the detecting layer, the transport layer, and the application
layer. The sensors play an important role in the detecting layer. The transport layer propagates infor-
mation that has been captured by the sensors. This acts as an interface between cloud architecture and
the IoT system to transfer the data to the cloud from where anyone can access the data ubiquitously. The
application layer is where we can gain access to the parameters from the web. Here we divide the whole
system into different modules so that we can have a better idea on what is going on inside the system,
such as fetch module, ingest module, retrieve module, act module/notify module.

7.3.1 FETCH MODULE
The fetch module will capture the vital parameters of the patient as shown in Fig. 7.1. The main com-
ponents of the fetch module are the patient, Arduino DIY board, and sensors (pulse rate amped and
temperature sensor). Whenever the patient holds the pulse rate sensor, there will be a variation in