Page 433 - Biofuels for a More Sustainable Future
P. 433
An aggregated life cycle sustainability index 385
established to determine the weights of environmental, economic, and social
pillars:
+
Min ¼ c + c + + d + d + + c + c + + d + d + + c + c + d + d +
EN EN EN EN EC EC EC EC S S S S
s:t:
+
ω + ω + + ω 1
EN EC S
ω + ω + + ω 1
+
EC EN S
ω + ω + + ω + 1
S EN EC
ω EN + ω + ω 1
+
EC
S
ω EC + ω + ω 1
+
S
EN
ω + ω + ω 1
+
S EN EC
0 ω ω + 1
EN EN
0 ω ω + 1
EC EC
+
0 ω ω 1
S S
1=2+2=3+5=6 3+0:5Þω +2=3Þω + + +
ð
ð ð +5=6Þω c + c ¼ 0
EN EC S EN EN
+
+
+
ð
ð 1=5+1=2+2=3 3+0:5Þω +1=5Þω EN +2=3Þω c EC + c EC ¼ 0
ð
S
EC
Þω + +1=4Þω + +
ð 1=8+1=4+1=2 3+0:5Þω +1=8ð ð c + c ¼ 0
S EN EC S S
ð
ð 1=2+4=5+7=8 3+0:5Þω + +4=5Þω +7=8Þω d + d + ¼ 0
ð
EN EC S EN EN
ð
ð 1=3+1=2+3=4 3+0:5Þω + +1=3Þω +3=4Þω d + d + ¼ 0
ð
EC EN S EC EC
+
+
ð
ð 1=6+1=3+1=2 3+0:5Þω +1=6Þω +1=3Þω d + d ¼ 0
ð
S EN EC S S
(14.10)
After solving programming (Eq. 14.10) by Lingo 11.0, the weights of
environmental, economic, and social pillars can be determined, and they
are 0:5860 0:7329,0:1653 0:3122, and 0:0947 0:1018, respectively.
½
½
½
In a similar way, the local weights of the criteria in each dimension can
also be determined, and the results are summarized in Tables 14.4–14.5..Itis
worth pointing out that there is only one criterion in economic aspect, and
its local weight is 1. Then, the global weights of the eight criteria can be
determined, and the results are presented in Table 14.6.
After determining the normalized life cycle sustainability performance
matrix and the global weights of the eight criteria, the weighted normalized
life cycle sustainability performance matrix can be determined, and the
results are presented in Table 14.7. The ideal solutions can also be deter-
mined (see Table 14.7).
The projections of these three pathways for bioethanol production can
be determined and the results are presented in Fig. 14.3.
The probability matrix by comparing the projections of each pair of
bioethanol production systems can be determined. Taking the probability
of the projection of corn-based bioethanol production system on the ideal
