Page 358 - Color Atlas of Biochemistry

Brain and sensory organs 349

A. Structure of nerve cells

Dendrite
Axon
terminals
Cell body
(Soma)

Nucleus
Synapses

Axon Myelin sheath Schwann cell Node of Ranvier

A. Neurotransmitters and neurohormones

Neuronal axon
Synaptic Neurotransmitter Neurohormone
cleft

Receptor
Postsynaptic cell
Erythrocyte Blood capillary

C. Synaptic signal transmission
1 Action potential
Opens voltage-
gated calcium
channels
Presynaptic Voltage-gated
membrane Ca 2 Ca 2 channel
Ca 2
Synaptic vesicle
with transmitter
2
Action 2 Ca 2 Postsynaptic
potential membrane
3
3

4

Enzyme
Na
6 Second
Ionotropic Metabotropic messenger
De- receptor receptor
polarization Pre- SM
cursor
5
Hyper- Cellular
polarization Cl response

Koolman, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 2nd edition © 2005 Thieme
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