Page 7 - Color Atlas of Biochemistry
P. 7
VIII
Contents
Introduction .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 1 Structural proteins .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 70
Globular proteins . . . ... .. .. .. .. .. . 72
Basics Protein folding . . . . . ... .. .. .. .. .. . 74
Molecular models: insulin. .. .. .. .. .. 76
Chemistry
Periodic table. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 2 Isolation and analysis of proteins . . . . . 78
Bonds . . ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 4 Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids
Molecular structure . . . . . ... .. .. .. . 6 Bases and nucleotides... .. .. .. .. .. . 80
Isomerism . .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 8 RNA ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 82
Biomolecules I . .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 10 DNA ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 84
Biomolecules II .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 12 Molecular models: DNA and RNA . . . . . 86
Chemical reactions. . . . . . ... .. .. .. . 14
Metabolism
Physical Chemistry
Energetics .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 16 Enzymes
Equilibriums .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 18 Basics.. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 88
Enthalpy and entropy.. .. ... .. .. .. . 20 Enzyme catalysis . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 90
Reaction kinetics . . . . . . . ... .. .. .. . 22 Enzyme kinetics I . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 92
Catalysis ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 24 Enzyme kinetics II .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 94
Water as a solvent . . . . . . ... .. .. .. . 26 Inhibitors . . . . . . . . . ... .. .. .. .. .. . 96
Hydrophobic interactions. ... .. .. .. . 28 Lactate dehydrogenase: structure . . . . . 98
Acids and bases . . . . . . . . ... .. .. .. . 30 Lactate dehydrogenase: mechanism . . . 100
Redox processes. . . . . . . . ... .. .. .. . 32 Enzymatic analysis . . ... .. .. .. .. .. . 102
Coenzymes 1 .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 104
Coenzymes 2 .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 106
Biomolecules
Coenzymes 3 .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 108
Carbohydrates Activated metabolites ... .. .. .. .. .. . 110
Overview... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 34
Chemistry of sugars . .. .. ... .. .. .. . 36 Metabolic Regulation
Monosaccharides and disaccharides . . . 38 Intermediary metabolism .. .. .. .. .. . 112
Polysaccharides: overview ... .. .. .. . 40 Regulatory mechanisms .. .. .. .. .. .. 114
Plant polysaccharides.. .. ... .. .. .. . 42 Allosteric regulation . ... .. .. .. .. .. . 116
Glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins . 44 Transcription control ... .. .. .. .. .. . 118
Hormonal control . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 120
Lipids
Overview... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 46 Energy Metabolism
Fatty acids and fats . . . . . ... .. .. .. . 48 ATP ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 122
Phospholipids and glycolipids . . . . . . . 50 Energetic coupling . . ... .. .. .. .. .. . 124
Isoprenoids . .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 52 Energy conservation at membranes. . . . 126
Steroid structure . . . . . . . ... .. .. .. . 54 Photosynthesis: light reactions . . . . . . . 128
Steroids: overview . . . . . . ... .. .. .. . 56 Photosynthesis: dark reactions .. .. .. . 130
Molecular models: membrane proteins . 132
Amino Acids Oxoacid dehydrogenases. .. .. .. .. .. . 134
Chemistry and properties. ... .. .. .. . 58 Tricarboxylic acid cycle: reactions . . . . . 136
Proteinogenic amino acids ... .. .. .. . 60 Tricarboxylic acid cycle: functions. . . . . 138
Non-proteinogenic amino acids . . . . . . 62 Respiratory chain . . . ... .. .. .. .. .. . 140
Peptides and Proteins ATP synthesis .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 142
Overview... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. . 64 Regulation .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 144
Peptide bonds .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . 66 Respiration and fermentation .. .. .. .. 146
Secondary structures .. .. ... .. .. .. . 68 Fermentations . .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. . 148
Koolman, Color Atlas of Biochemistry, 2nd edition © 2005 Thieme
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