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Glossary
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customer relationship management (CRM) facilitate the evaluation of proposed process
software A collection of software tools that use changes.
data from a company’s ERP system to enhance
electronic data interchange (EDI) A
the company’s relationships with its customers.
computer-to-computer transfer of standard
CRM software allows for the following activities:
business documents that allows companies to
segmenting customers, one-to-one marketing,
handle the purchasing process electronically,
sales-force automation (SFA), sales-campaign
avoiding the cost and delays resulting from
management, marketing encyclopedias, and
paper-based systems.
call-center automation.
enterprise information management The
data mining The statistical and logical analysis of
business and technology functions that manage
large sets of transaction data, looking for patterns
information as a corporate asset.
that can aid decision making and improve customer
sales and customer service. Data mining is often Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) A
done with data in a data warehouse. system that helps a company manage business
processes such as marketing, production,
data warehouse A database, separate from a
purchasing, and accounting in an integrated way.
company’s operational database, that contains
ERP does this by recording all transactions in a
subsets of data from the company’s ERP system.
common database that is used by information
Users analyze and manipulate data in the
systems throughout the company and by providing
warehouse. Thus, they do not interfere with the
shared management-reporting tools.
workings of the database that is used to record the
company’s transactions. error log A record of discrepancies that occur
during a payroll run.
database management system (DBMS) The
technology that stores database records in an event process chain (EPC) A graphic model of a
organized fashion and allows for the easy retrieval business process that uses only two symbols: events
of the data. and functions.
delivery In SAP, release of the documents that a Extensible Business Reporting Language
warehouse uses to pick, pack, and ship orders. (XBRL) A standards-based language for the
deployment flowcharting (swimlane electronic communication of business and financial
flowcharting) A method of flowcharting in which data.
team members are depicted across the top, with Extensible Markup Language (XML) An
each process step aligned vertically under the Internet programming language that uses tags that
employee or team working on it. define the data contained within them.
Development (DEV) system In an SAP system financial accounting Accounting processes that
landscape, one of three separate SAP systems; DEV deal with documenting the transactions of a
is used to develop configuration settings for the company that have an impact on the financial state
system using ABAP code. of the organization. The documented transactions
direct costs Costs of a finished product, such as form the basis for financial statements for external
labor or material costs, that can be estimated fairly parties and agencies.
accurately. Financial Accounting (FI) module A module
document flow The linked set of document in SAP ERP that records transactions in the
numbers related to an order; an audit trail. general ledger accounts and generates
financial statements for external reporting
drill down In SAP, to view the details behind a
purposes.
summary of information by double-clicking an on-
screen item. flowchart Any graphical representation of the
dynamic process modeling A method of movement or flow of concrete or abstract items.
evaluating process changes before they are functional areas of operation A broad
implemented by putting into motion a basic process categorization of business activities, including
flowchart using computer simulation techniques to marketing, sales, production, and accounting.

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