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282 NOTES TO PAGES 15–16

              18 Social Origins, esp. pp. 8 and 20. Much of the criticism that follows is based on
                 M.Dobb, Studies in the Development of Capitalism (Routledge 1946), ch. 1, which
                 contains a critique of the post-Weberian concepts of capitalism.
              19 For class before the industrial revolution, see Edward Thompson’s recent essay,
                 ‘Patrician society, plebeian  culture’,  Journal of Social  History, no. 7 (Summer
                 1974), pp. 382–405.
              20 Thompson, ‘Peculiarities of the English’, p. 330.
              21 Poulantzas, Political Power and Social Classes, ch. 4.
              22 ‘A Review of Guizot’s Book’, OB, p. 349.
              23 Barrington Moore, Social Origins, p. 3.
              24 ibid., pp. 31–32 and 442–5.
              25 ibid., pp. 3 and 488–9.
              26 ‘Lord John Russell’, OB, esp. p. 465. I am grateful to Stuart Hall for indicating that
                 Marx’s satirical mode has deeper levels.
              27 Especially in ‘The elections in England—Whigs and Tories’; ‘The Chartists’;
                 ‘Corruption at elections’; ‘The crisis in England and the British Constitution’— all
                 in OB.
              28 Thompson, ‘Peculiarities of the English’, esp. p. 328.
              29 Barrington Moore, Social Origins, p. 33.
              30 Edward Thompson’s masterpiece is mentioned only once in Moore’s footnotes and
                 is listed in the bibliography.
              31 The Poor Law was intended to be a model both for an ‘expert’, bureaucratic style
                 of administration and for a new social policy. I am grateful to Paul Richards for
                 this view of the critical significance of the Poor Law struggle.
              32 Barrington Moore, Social Origins, p. 486.
              33 What follows is based on Anderson, ‘Origins of the Present Crisis’ unless another
                 source is cited.
              34 Nairn, ‘Nature of the Labour Party’, New Left Review, no. 35, pp. 21–2.
              35 For  Raymond  Williams,  ‘corporate’ means hegemonic—see ‘Base and
                 superstructure’, New Left Review, no. 82. On the other hand, his interpretation is
                 nearer the spirit of the original than is Anderson’s.
              36 ‘Origins’, p. 34.
              37 ibid., p. 36.
              38 ibid., p. 36.
              39 Anderson, ‘Components of the national culture’, in Alexander Cockburn and Robin
                 Blackburn (eds.), Student Power (Penguin 1969), esp. pp. 225–6.
              40 ‘Nature of the Labour Party’, New Left Review, no. 28, p. 36.
              41 ‘Peculiarities of the English’, pp. 321–2.
              42 ‘Origins’, pp. 41ff.
              43 Anderson, ‘Socialism and pseudo-empiricism’, pp. 30–1.
              44 ‘Origins’, pp. 12 and 13.
              45 I am grateful to Peter Cain and John Mason for discussions pointing to the
                 conclusion.
              46 This  criticism is convincingly  made by Edward  Thompson,  who notes the
                 importance of political economy and the whole liberal tradition.
              47 Hinton, ‘Labour Aristocracy’, New Left Review, no. 32, pp. 72–5.
              48 Readers of Gramsci will realize that it is difficult to give precise references to ‘points
                 of theory’ in the Prison Notebooks. The interpretation that follows is based on the
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