Page 7 - Cultures and Organizations

vi Contents

Masculinity and Femininity in Education 158
Masculinity and Femininity in Shopping 163
Masculinity and Femininity in the Workplace 164
Masculinity, Femininity, and the State 170
Masculinity, Femininity, and Religion 175
Origins of Masculinity-Femininity Differences 180
The Future of Differences in Masculinity and Femininity 184
6 What Is Different Is Dangerous 187
The Avoidance of Uncertainty 188
Measuring the (In)tolerance of Ambiguity in Society:
The Uncertainty-Avoidance Index 190
Uncertainty Avoidance and Anxiety 195
Uncertainty Avoidance Is Not the Same as Risk Avoidance 197
Uncertainty Avoidance in Replication Studies: Project GLOBE 198
Uncertainty Avoidance According to Occupation,
Gender, and Age 199
Uncertainty Avoidance in the Family 200
Uncertainty Avoidance, Health, and (Un)happiness 202
Uncertainty Avoidance at School 205
Uncertainty Avoidance in Shopping 206
Uncertainty Avoidance in the Workplace 208
Uncertainty Avoidance, Masculinity, and Motivation 213
Uncertainty Avoidance, the Citizen, and the State 216
Uncertainty Avoidance and Corruption 221
Uncertainty Avoidance, Xenophobia, and Nationalism 224
Uncertainty Avoidance, Religion, and Ideas 226
Origins of Uncertainty-Avoidance Differences 232
The Future of Uncertainty-Avoidance Differences 233

7 Yesterday, Now, or Later? 235
National Values and the Teachings of Confucius 236
Implications of LTO-CVS Differences for Family Life 240
Implications of LTO-CVS Differences for Business 242
Implications of LTO-CVS Differences for Ways of Thinking 246
Long-Term Orientation Scores Based on World Values
Survey Data 252
Long-Term Orientation and the GLOBE Dimensions 259