Page 8 - Cultures and Organizations

Contents vii

Long- and Short-Term Orientation, Family Relations,
and School Results 260
Long- and Short-Term Orientation and Economic Growth 262
Economic Growth and Politics 267
Fundamentalisms as Short-Term Orientation 269
Short-Term Orientation in Africa 271
The Future of Long- and Short-Term Orientation 274
8 Light or Dark? 277
The Nature of Subjective Well-Being 278
Subjective Well-Being and the World Values Survey 279
Indulgence Versus Restraint as a Societal Dimension 280
Indulgence Versus Restraint and Subjective Well-Being in
Other Cross-National Studies 288
Indulgence Versus Restraint, Subjective Health, Optimism,
and Birthrates 289
Indulgence Versus Restraint, Importance of Friends,
and Consumer Attitudes 290
Indulgence Versus Restraint and Sexual Relationships 293
Indulgence Versus Restraint in the Workplace 294
Indulgence Versus Restraint and the State 295
Origins of Societal Differences in Indulgence Versus Restraint 296

PART III

Cultures in Organizations
9 Pyramids, Machines, Markets, and Families:
Organizing Across Nations 301

Implicit Models of Organizations 302
Management Professors Are Human 307
Culture and Organizational Structure: Elaborating on Mintzberg 312
Planning, Control, and Accounting 315
Corporate Governance and Business Goals 320
Motivation Theories and Practices 327
Leadership, Decision Making, and Empowerment 331
Performance Appraisal and Management by Objectives 334
Management Training and Organization Development 336

Conclusion: Nationality Defines Organizational Rationality 337