Page 10 - Distillation theory

P1: FCH/FFX P2: FCH/FFX QC: FCH/FFX T1: FCH
CB644-FM CB644-Petlyuk-v1 June 15, 2004 4:28

viii Contents

2.7 Adiabatic, Nonadiabatic, and Reversible Distillation 32
2.8 Separation of Azeotropic Mixtures by Distillation Under Two
Pressures or Heteroazeotropic and Extractive Distillation 35
2.9 Is Process Opposite to Distillation Process Possible? 36
2.10 Mixtures with Limited and Unlimited Separability 37
2.11 The Problem of Designing Distillation Units 38
2.12 Questions 38
References 39
3. Trajectories of Distillation in Infinite Columns Under Infinite Reflux 40
3.1 Introduction 40
3.2 Analogy Between Residue Curves and Distillation Trajectories
Under Infinite Reflux 41
3.3 Distillation Trajectories of Finite and Infinite Columns at Set
Feed Composition 43
3.3.1. Dimensionality of Product Composition Regions for Finite
and Infinite Columns 43
3.3.2. Product Composition Regions for Ideal Three-Component
Mixtures 44
3.3.3. Product Composition Regions for Ideal Four-Component
Mixtures 45
3.3.4. Feasible Splits for Ideal Mixtures 47
3.3.5. Product Composition Regions for Azeotropic
Three-Component Mixtures 48
3.4 Rule for the Checkup of Azeotropic Mixtures Separability at
R =∞ and N =∞ 52
3.4.1. Distillation Trajectories Location at R =∞ and N =∞ 52
3.4.2. Application of the Rule of Connectedness 53
3.4.3. n-Component Mixture 55
3.5 Feasible Splits at R =∞ and N =∞ 57
3.5.1. Method of Product Simplex for Distillation Subregions
(m = n) 59
3.5.2. Method of Product Simplex for Distillation Subregions
(m > n) 61
3.5.3. Algorithm of Product Simplex for n-Component Mixtures 63
3.6 Separation of Azeotropic Mixtures in Sequence of Columns with
Recycles at R =∞ and N =∞ 71
3.7 Nonsingularity of Separation Products Compositions at R =∞
and N =∞ 72
3.8 Conclusion 73
3.9 Questions 74
3.10 Exercises with Software 74
References 75
4. Trajectories of Thermodynamically Reversible Distillation 77
4.1 Introduction 77
4.2 Essence of Reversible Distillation Process and Its Peculiarities 78
4.2.1. Essence of Reversible Distillation Process 78
4.2.2. Location of Reversible Distillation Trajectories 79
4.2.3. Sharp and Nonsharp Reversible Distillation of Ideal
Mixtures 80