Page 12 - Distillation theory

P1: FCH/FFX P2: FCH/FFX QC: FCH/FFX T1: FCH
CB644-FM CB644-Petlyuk-v1 June 15, 2004 4:28

x Contents

5.5 Structure and Evolution of Section Trajectory Bundles for
Four- and Multicomponent Mixtures 141
5.5.1. Four-Component Mixture 141
5.5.2. Mixtures with Any Number of Components 147
5.6 Conditions of Section Trajectories Joining and Methods of
Minimum Reflux Calculating 150
5.6.1. Two Models of Feed Tray 150
5.6.2. Conditions of Section Trajectories Joining 151
5.6.3. Direct and Indirect Splits (One of the Products Is Pure
Component or Azeotrope) 152
5.6.4. Intermediate Splits 154
5.6.5. Splits with Distributed Component 158
5.6.6. Equations of Thermal Balance 161
5.6.7. Visualization of Section Trajectories 162
5.7 Necessary and Sufficient Conditions of Separability
of Mixtures 162
5.7.1. Adiabatic Columns 162
5.7.2. Nonadiabatic Columns 163
5.8 Conclusion 164
5.9 Questions 165
5.10 Exercises with Software 166
References 166
6. Distillation Trajectories in Infinite Complex Columns
and Complexes 170
6.1 Introduction 170
6.2 Columns with Intermediate Inputs and Outputs of Heat:
“Pinch Method” 172
6.3 Distillation Trajectories and Minimum Reflux Mode in Two-Feed
Columns with Nonsharp Separation in Intermediate Section 174
6.3.1. Location of Reversible Distillation Trajectories of
Intermediate Sections 175
6.3.2. The Structure of Trajectory Bundles of Intermediate Sections 177
6.3.3. Control Feed at Minimum Reflux Mode 178
6.3.4. General Algorithm of Calculation of Minimum Reflux Mode 179
6.4 Trajectories of Intermediate Sections of Extractive Distillation
Columns 181
6.4.1. Sharp Extractive Distillation of Three-Component Mixtures 181
6.4.2. Sharp Extractive Distillation of Four- and Multicomponent
Mixtures 186
6.5 Conditions of Separability in Extractive Distillation Columns and
Minimum Reflux Mode 187
6.5.1. Conditions of Separability in Extractive Distillation Columns 187
6.5.2. Three-Component Mixtures 188
6.5.3. The Four- and Multicomponent Mixtures 190
6.6 Determination of Minimum Flow Rate of Entrainer 193
6.7 Distillation Complexes with Thermal Coupling Flows 195
6.7.1. Kinds of Distillation Complexes with Thermal Coupling
Flows 195