Page 278 - Effective group discussion theory and practice by Adams, Katherine H. Brilhart, John K. Galanes, Gloria J

Problem Solving and Decision Making in Groups 261

TABLE 10.1 Comparing three problem-solving guidelines

The Procedural Model of Problem Solving (P-MOPS)
Step 1: Problem description and analysis:
What is the nature of the problem facing the group?
Step 2: Generating and elaborating on possible solutions:
What might be done to solve the problem we’ve described?
Step 3: Evaluating possible solutions:
What are the probable benefits and possible negative consequences of each proposed solution?
Step 4: Consensus decision making:
What seems to be the best possible solution we can all support?
Step 5: Implementing the solution chosen:
How will we put our decision into effect?
The Single Question Format

Step 1: Identify the problem:
What is the single question that when answered means the group knows how to accomplish
its purpose?
Step 2: Create a collaborative setting:
2A: Agree on principles for discussion: What principles should we agree on in order to maintain
a reasonable and collaborative approach throughout the process?
2B: Surface any assumptions and biases: Which assumptions and biases are associated with the
single question identified in Step 1, and how might they influence the discussion?
Step 3: Identify and analyze the issues (subquestions):
Before individuals respond to the single question in Step 1, what issues or subquestions must be
answered in order to fully understand the complexities of the overall problem?
Step 4: Resolve the single question:
Among the possible solutions, which one is most desirable?
The Ideal Solution Format

Step 1: Identify the nature of the problem:
Does everyone agree on the nature of the problem?

Step 2: Identify the ideal solution:
What would be the ideal solution from the point of view of all interested people
or groups involved?

Step 3: Identify the conditions that must change:
Which conditions within the situation could be changed to achieve the ideal solution?
Step 4: Select the most ideal solution:
Of all the solutions available, which one best approximates the ideal solution?

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