Page 350 - Effective Communication Soft Skills Strategies For Success by Nitin Bhatnagar, Mamta Bhatnagar

338 | Model Question Papers

convey information to the audience clearly, accurately, and in a manner that will hold
interest and attention. At times the process of communication is distorted because of
the barriers that come between the communicator and the receiver.

Some of the major barriers are:

i. Filtering – a deliberate or unintentional selection of information.
ii. Distortion – selecting what suits us and our values.

iii. Communication overload – channel capacity can retain only a certain amount of
information, overloading the system leads to mental fuse and shut down the com-
munication process.
iv. Absence of redundancy – problem of grasping or appreciating anything new
communicated.
v. Psychological conditions – all behaviours have a psychological base, the two important
psychological factors that affect learning are, learning and motivation.
3. a. Communication channels are the means through which a source conveys a message to
a receiver. Channels can be thought of as the path or the vehicles that carry messages
from an originating point to a destination.
All communication can be broadly categorized as either interpersonal or mass media.
This helps one to analyze the effects in the communication process. Communication
through word of mouth as in face-to-face interaction between two or more persons can
be classified as interpersonal. The channel in the interpersonal situation becomes the
individual through whom the message is flowing. Mass media channels are those means
of transmitting messages that involve a mechanism to reach a wide and often non-
contiguous audience, e.g., newspaper magazines, films, radio, television, etc. Another
important channel of communication is nonverbal communication. According to
Ruesh and Gregory Bateson, nonverbal communication falls into three categories, sign
language, action language and object language. Sign language is the way of codifying
meaning. Action language is transitory and the most universal kind of language, e.g., the
deaf depend upon the interpretation of lip reading. Action language is the principal way in
which emotions are expressed, e.g., a person slams his fist upon the table. Symbolic
information, tactile information a sin Braille—a language for blind in signs and words,
like the creative arts, dance ballet, etc.

Channel attributes
Communication channels differ with regard to the effectiveness and efficiency with
which they handle different topics of information. Channels vary with regard to
• the speed with which they transmit signals

• the ability to separate their own signals from those of other channels

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