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722 Polymers, Mechanical Behavior

the process of physical aging because it can have drastic Aklonis, J. J., and McKnight, W. J. (1983). “Introduction to Polymer
effects on the time-dependent characteristics of those ma- Viscoelasticity,” 2nd ed., Wiley-Interscience, New York.
terials. In this respect, the reader may wish to consult the Boden, H. E. (1984). Adv. Polym. Technol. 3(4), 383.
Boyer, R. F. (1981). Eur. Polym. J. 17, 661.
reference by Struick (1978).
Dealy, J. M. (1982). “Rheometers for Molten Plastics,” Van Nostrand
An attempt has been made to acquaint the reader with Reinhold, New York.
the philosophy that the author uses in understanding the Gent, A. N., and Park, B. (1984). J. Mater. Sci. 19, 1947.
structure–propertybehaviorofpolymericsystems.Specif- Gibson, L. J., and Ashby, M. E. (1988). “Cellular Solids: Structure and
ically, the earthworm analogy and the Deborah number Properties,” Pergamon Press, New York.
Kausch, H. H., and DeVries, K. L. (1975). Int. J. Fract. 11, 727.
concept are believed to be highly useful, and the reader
McCrumb, N. G., Reed, B. E., and Williams, G. (1967). “Anelastic and
should attempt to apply this thinking when encountering Dielectric Effects in Polymeric Solids,” Wiley, New York.
the behavior of polymeric materials. Morton, J. R., Johnson, J. F., and Cooper, A. R. (1972). J. Macromol.
Sci. Rev. Macromol. Chem. C8(1), 57.
Nielsen, L. E. (1974). “Mechanical Properties of Polymers and Com-
posites,” Vol. 2, Dekker, New York.
SEE ALSO THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES Nielsen, L. E. (1977). “Polymer Rheology,” Dekker, New York.
Randall, R. C., ed. (1984). “NMR and Macromolecules,” Sequence,
COMPOSITE MATERIALS • ELASTICITY,RUBBERLIKE • Dynamic, and Domain Structure, ACS Symposium Series, Vol.
247.
FRACTURE AND FATIGUE • GLASS • HYDROGEN BOND •
Samuels, R. J. (1974). “Structured Polymer Properties,” Wiley, New
MACROMOLECULES,STRUCTURE•PLASTICIZERS•POLY-
York.
MER PROCESSING • RUBBER,NATURAL Struik, L. C. E. (1978). “Physical Aging in Amorphous Polymers and
Other Materials,” Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., New York.
Tant, M. R., and Wilkes, G. L. (1981). J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 26, 2813.
Ward, M., ed. (1975). “Structure and Properties of Oriented Polymers,”
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Applied Sciences, London.
Wetton, R. E., and Stone, M. R. (1983). Proc. Trans. Relax. Polym.
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of Fiber Composites,” Wiley, New York. Zhang, Y. H., and Carreau, P. J. (1991). J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 42, 1965.