Page 36 - Energy from Toxic Organic Waste for Heat and Power Generation

24 Energy from Toxic Organic Waste for Heat and Power Generation

Municipal solid waste
Recyclables and organic waste
Organic waste Recyclables and Flare or
Recyclables From garden & parks & marketplace organic waste recovery unit
2008-2015 Civil amenity banks Pilot compost plant Landfill Biogas
Bring
center

Residue Leachate
Compost
For sale Leachate treatment plant
Municipal solid waste
Recyclables and organic waste

Recyclables and Flare or
Recyclables Organic waste organic waste recovery unit
2015-2027 Material recovery Civil amenity banks Pilot compost Landfill Biogas
Bring
center
plant
facility
Leachate
Residue
For sale Compost Leachate treatment plant
Fig. 3.4 Process layout for the treatment of municipal solid waste.

In comparison with green waste, food processing waste normally con-
tains high-water content of about 80%. Therefore, food processing wastes
are commonly composted with green waste or bulking agents, such as saw-
dust, rice husk, wood chip, and wheat straw to adjust a suitable C/N ratio
and to reduce the moisture content. For food processing waste, such as olive
mill waste, which contains a low nitrogen content, co-composting with
farm slurry/manure improves the nutritional value of the compost.

3.5.2 Landfill
Carbon and nutrients entering landfills as food waste result in gaseous
(NH 3 , CO 2 , CH 4 ) and liquid emissions (leachate) or are stored within the
landfill. Energy is consumed in collection of waste and transport to the
landfill, transport of leachate to offsite treatment facilities, and in treating
leachate to regulatory discharge standards as shown in Fig 3.2B. Following
discharge, contaminant concentrations, which may exceed local ambient
water quality standards for surface or groundwater, must be returned within
ambient environmental standards by dilution with large volumes of water
(gray water footprint).