Page 9 - Formation Damage during Improved Oil Recovery Fundamentals and Applications

viii Contents

2.11 Potential to Combine LSWF with Other IOR Mechanisms 56
2.12 Conclusions 60
Nomenclature 61
References 62

3. Formation Damage by Fines Migration: Mathematical
and Laboratory Modeling, Field Cases 69
Thomas Russell, Larissa Chequer, Sara Borazjani, Zhenjiang You,
Abbas Zeinijahromi and Pavel Bedrikovetsky
3.1 Introduction 70
3.2 Governing Equations for Flow with Fines Migration 78
3.3 Fines Migration Resulting from High Fluid Velocities 92
3.4 Productivity Decline due to Fines Migration 101
3.5 Fines Detachment and Migration at Low Salinity 112
3.6 Effects of Nonequilibrium/Delay in Particle Detachment on
Fines Migration 140
3.7 Two-Phase Fines Migration During Low-Salinity Waterflood:
Analytical Modeling 157
3.8 Conclusions 167
Nomenclature 168
References 170

4. Using Nanofluids to Control Fines Migration in
Porous Systems 177
Bin Yuan and Rouzbeh G. Moghanloo

4.1 Introduction 177
4.2 Laboratory Proof and Field Cases 179
4.3 Nanoparticles Transport in Porous Media: Adsorption, Straining,
and Detachment Behaviors 180
4.4 Effectiveness of Nanoparticles Utilization to Mitigate Fines Migration
in Water Flow 182
4.5 Using Nanoparticles to Control Fines Suspension in Oil and
Water-Saturated Porous Systems 192
4.6 Combined Nanofluids with Low-Salinity Waterflooding 203
4.7 Conclusions 206
Nomenclature 207
References 208
Appendix A: Method of Characteristics to Solve System of Quasilinear
First-order Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) 212