Page 68 - From Smart Grid to Internet of Energy

54 From smart grid to internet of energy

TABLE 1.7 WSN application in smart grid levels

Power network level WSN applications
Generation level Remote monitoring of power plants
Power quality analysis
Distributed generation
Substation monitoring
Transmission and distribution Transmission line monitoring
Outage detection
Overhead and underground cable monitoring
Fault detection
Distribution automation
Distribution substation control and monitoring
Protection control
Consumption AMR and wireless AMI
Home automation
Microgrid and Nano-grid monitoring
Demand side management
Outage and fault control
Remote monitoring and control

be fairly monitored by using sensors and WSNs. The communication infrastruc-
ture should also ensure reliable and secure monitoring process with low-cost
features. The power quality analysis and substation monitoring are closely asso-
ciated to install a resilient generation level due to WSN and smart grid integra-
tion. The measured voltage and current values are transmitted to monitoring
center to detect power quality.
The sustainability of smart grid infrastructure is mostly based on security of
transmission and distribution level applications since they play vital role on
entire system functionality and performance. The prominent WSN applications
include transmission and distribution line monitoring such as overhead and
underground cables, outage and fault detection, distributed automation, distri-
bution substation control and monitoring, and protection control for fault iso-
lation in transmission and distribution levels. The outage detection is
required for financial and social reasons since it is directly related to losses