Page 122 - Handbook of Adhesion Promoters

7.14 Lignin 115

ICAO/IATA class: Environmentally Hazardous Substance, Liquid, n.o.s. (contains dibutyl phtha-
late) 9, III
3
LD50, dermal rabbit, mg/kg: >2000 LC50 inhalation, rat, mg/m :
4250
UN risk phrases, R: R20,R36/38,R42/43,R50,R60,R61 UN/NA class: 3082
USE
Manufacturer: Akcros Chemicals/ Valtris
Outstanding properties: possess minimal influence on initial plastisol viscosity, low odour, no
flammable solvents, high bond strengths.
Recommended for resins: PVC, rigid PVC
Recommended for products: fibers, textiles, carpets, coated fabrics, conveyor belts, certain types
of floor coverings
Recommended applications: adhesion promoter, used in coated fabrics, improved adhesion of
PVC plastisols to polyester, nylon and other synthetic fiber fabrics; highly effective as a bonding
agent to increase adhesion between a PVC plastisol and synthetic fabrics such as polyesters and
polyamides. Areas of application include tarpaulins, protective clothing, marquees, conveyor belts
and certain types of floor covering.
Processing methods: coating

7.14 LIGNIN

GENERAL INFORMATION
Name: Lignin CAS #: 8086-03-9 Molecular mass: 2000-50000
Functional groups: COOH, OH, OCH 3
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Color: yellow, light to dark brown Ash content, %: 2-6
3
o
Density, at 20 C, kg/m : 1350-1500
Solubility (diluents): DMSO, acetone
o
Glass transition temperature, C: 97-162
1/2
Hidebrand solubility parameter, (MPa) : 22.7-33.1
USE
Outstanding properties: contains both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups
Recommended for resins: phenolic resin, polyurethane, epoxy, rubber, polyesters, polyolefins
Recommended for products: coatings, agricultural chemicals, natural binders, adhesives

Lignocellulose nanofibrils have a high potential as a natural adhesion promoter in
12
fiber-reinforced composites. Figure 7.3 shows the mechanisms of adhesion promotion
between polysulfone and cellulose fiber in which lignin plays the role of adhesion pro-
12
moter.