Page 21 - Handbook of Adhesives and Sealants

viii Contents

4.5.2 Peel adhesion 165
4.5.3 Tear strength 166
4.5.4 Compression set resistance and creep 167
4.5.5 Environmental tests 168
4.6 Prototype and non-standard test methods 170
4.7 Specifications and standards 173

Chapter 5. Quality Control and Nondestructive Tests 177
5.1 Introduction 177
5.2 Quality control 177
5.2.1 Pre-manufacturing processes 179
5.2.2 Quality control of the incoming materials 180
5.2.3 Quality control of surface treatment 181
5.2.4 Quality control of the bonding process 182
5.3 Bond inspection 183
5.3.1 Destructive testing 183
5.3.2 Non-destructive testing 184
5.3.2.1 Visual inspection 184
5.3.2.2 Tap test 186
5.3.2.3 Proof tests 187
5.3.2.4 Ultrasonic inspection 187
5.3.2.5 Other NDT methods 189
5.4 Testing of failed joints for cause of failure 191

Chapter 6. Surfaces and Surface Preparation 197
6.1 Introduction 197
6.2 Nature of substrate surfaces 198
6.2.1 Metallic surfaces 200
6.2.2 Polymeric surfaces 203
6.2.3 Other surfaces 205
6.3 Surface treatment 206
6.3.1 Importance of surface treatment 207
6.3.2 Choosing the surface treatment 209
6.3.3 Evaluation of treated parts before and after bonding 213
6.3.4 Substrate equilibrium 215
6.4 Passive surface preparation methods 215
6.4.1 Passive chemical surface treatment 216
6.4.1.1 Solvent cleaning 217
6.4.1.2 Chemical cleaning 221
6.4.1.3 Other cleaning methods 222
6.4.2 Passive mechanical treatment 223
6.5 Active surface treatments 226
6.5.1 Active chemical surface treatments 227
6.5.1.1 Chemical treatment of metal surfaces 232
6.5.1.2 Chemical treatment of polymeric surfaces 234
6.5.2 Active physical surface treatments for polymeric
materials 236
6.5.2.1 Corona discharge 237
6.5.2.2 Flame treatment 239
6.5.2.3 Plasma treatment 240
6.5.2.4 Other physical surface treatments for polymers 242