Page 328 - How To Implement Lean Manufacturing

302 Gl o s s a ry

Changeover Converting a machine, or process to make a different model or different
product.
Changeover time The time it takes from the last good part prior to the changeover to the first
good part after the changeover.
CIP Continuous Improvement Process.
Constraint Another word for bottleneck, see bottleneck.

Continuous improvement process A series of sequential steps to forever analyze a product or
a process and continue to increase the value added portion.
Control chart A statistical tool invented by Walter Shewhart to evaluate the statistical
properties of a process. Control charts will allow you to characterize both the variation in
your process and if you are producing to the target specification or not.
Correlation and regression A technique used to study the relationship of cause and effect and
the impact that variation has on this relationship.
Cp, Cpk Process capability indices.
Culture The combined thoughts, actions, beliefs, artifacts and language of a group of people.
It is “How we do things around here”.

Current state, VSM A current state value stream map, sometimes called an Information and
Materials Flow Diagram, see also PSVSM.
Customer Your client; they are usually defined by four characteristics; they are courted to
consume your product; they pay for your product or service; they pick up and use your
product or service; and if they are dissatisfied with your product or service they can cause
you immediate discomfort, that is they can complain and get action. Your external customer
is the entity which pays you, however, the customer is also the next step in the process and
the needs of the internal customers must be met, just as the needs of the external customers
must be met.
Defects Things gone wrong with your products; quality characteristics which are not met.
Deming W. Edwards Deming, the great statistician and quality guru, creator of Deming’s 14
Obligations of Management and author of Out of Crisis.
DOE Designs of experiments, an advanced statistical tool used for in-process understanding
and optimization.
Downtime Time that a process or machine is not running.

Effectiveness The ability to achieve a goal.
Efficiency Achieving a goal using minimum resources.
ERP Enterprise resource planning, another version of MRPII.

Excess processing One of the seven wastes. Performing work on a product beyond what the
customer considers value, beyond what they are willing to pay for.
FIFO Acronym for First in, First out.
FIFO lanes Processing lanes of goods where FIFO materials handling is practiced.