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116                                 Hybrid-Renewable Energy Systems in Microgrids

















































         Figure 7.2 (Continued)


                                                                         ∗
                                                                        i
                                                                  i
                                                                   ∗
                      ∗
                ∗
 iP∗Q∗   where P  and Q  are active and reactive power references, respectively;  P  and  Q  are
 i
         the corresponding active and reactive current references, respectively. By respectively
         substituting Eqs. (7.24) and (7.25) into Eqs. (7.22) and (7.23), the instantaneous active
         and reactive power can be written by:
                       1 ( + kP )  ∗  +  −  1 ( − kQ )  ∗  +  −
                          p
                                            q
                  ∗
 2
 p = P ∗ + 1+ k p P ∗ v + + k p v − v + v − +1 − k q Q ∗  p =  P +  v +  2  + k v −  2  vv +  v +  2  + k v −  2  vv  (7.26)
 2
                                                   ⊥
 2
 2

                           p
                                             p
 v+ +kpv− v⊥+v−⊥P~
                                     P
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