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218 INSIDE THE FILM FACTORY
                                                Cinéma [Art in  the  New Russia:
                                                Cinema] (Paris: 1927)
                     Pudovkin                   V.I.Pudovkin, Film Technique and
                                                Film Acting (ed. and trans.
                                                I.Montagu) (London: 1954)
                     SKhF                       A.V.Macheret   et  al.  (eds),
                                                Sovetskie   khudozhestvennye
                                                fil’my. Annotirovannyi  katalog
                                                [Soviet  Fiction  Films.  An
                                                Annotated Catalogue] (continuing
                                                series, Moscow: 1961 onwards)
                     Taylor                     R.Taylor,  The Politics  of the
                                                Soviet   Cinema   1917—1929
                                                (Cambridge: 1979)
                     Youngblood                 D.J.Youngblood, Soviet Cinema in
                                                the Silent Era,  1918—1935 (Ann
                                                Arbor, Mich.: 1985)

                                    INTRODUCTION

               1 FF, p. 1.
               2 Yuri Tsivian  et al. (eds),  Testimoni silenziosi. Film russi  1908—19191 Silent
                 Witnesses. Russian Films, 1908—1919 (Pordenone and London: 1989).
               3 L.Schnitzer, J.Schnitzer and M.Martin (eds), Le Cinéma soviétique par ceux qui l’ont
                 fait (Paris:  1966), translated and edited  by D.Robinson  as:  Cinema in  Revolution
                 (London: 1973).

                                            1
                  EARLY RUSSIAN CINEMA: SOME OBSERVATIONS
                                       Yuri Tsivian

               1 The Moving Picture World, vol. 35, no. 5 (1918), p. 640.
               2 Kino-gazeta, no. 15 (1918), p. 5.
               3 S.Goslavskaya, Zaplski kinoaktrisy [Notes of a Cinema Actress] (Moscow: 1974), p.
                 116; for lubok, see p. 167 this volume.
               4 Transcript of a conversation with Giatsintova. T.Ponomareva Archive.
               5 G.A.Pratt, Spellbound in Darkness (Greenwich, Conn.: New York Graphic Society,
                 1973), p. 126.
               6 For Aleinikov, see pp. 84—6,102 this volume.
               7 The word for cinema in Russian, as in English, was neither static nor consistent at
                 this time:  kino, kinematograf, kinema, sinema, sinematograf, kinotvorchestvo and
                 svetopis’ were among the more common terms deployed.  I have used ‘cinema’,
                 except where ‘cinematograph’ seemed obviously more  appropriate. Stainslavsky
                 consistently used sinematograf to describe his stage concept. (Translator’s note)
               8 Ezhegodnik MKhT. 1944, vol. 1 (Moscow: 1946), p. 120.
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