Page 6 - Introduction to Petroleum Engineering

vi COnTEnTs

2 the Future of energy 23

2.1 Global Oil and Gas Production and Consumption 23
2.2 Resources and Reserves 24
2.2.1 Reserves 27
2.3 Oil and Gas Resources 29
2.3.1 Coal Gas 29
2.3.2 Gas Hydrates 31
2.3.3 Tight Gas sands, shale Gas, and shale Oil 31
2.3.4 Tar sands 33
2.4 Global Distribution of Oil and Gas Reserves 34
2.5 Peak Oil 36
2.5.1 World Oil Production Rate Peak 37
2.5.2 World Per Capita Oil Production Rate Peak 37
2.6 Future Energy Options 39
2.6.1 Goldilocks Policy for Energy Transition 39
2.7 Activities 42
2.7.1 Further Reading 42
2.7.2 True/False 42
2.7.3 Exercises 42

3 Properties of Reservoir Fluids 45

3.1 Origin 45
3.2 Classification 47
3.3 Definitions 51
3.4 Gas Properties 54
3.5 Oil Properties 55
3.6 Water Properties 60
3.7 sources of Fluid Data 61
3.7.1 Constant Composition Expansion 61
3.7.2 Differential Liberation 62
3.7.3 separator Test 62
3.8 Applications of Fluid Properties 63
3.9 Activities 64
3.9.1 Further Reading 64
3.9.2 True/False 64
3.9.3 Exercises 64

4 Properties of Reservoir Rock 67
4.1 Porosity 67
4.1.1 Compressibility of Pore Volume 69
4.1.2 saturation 70
4.1.3 Volumetric Analysis 71