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vi Contents

Practical Considerations for Managing Knowledge 57
Key Points 57
Discussion Points 57
References 58
3 Knowledge Management Models 59
Learning Objectives 59
Introduction 59
Major Theoretical KM Models 62
The Von Krogh and Roos Model of Organizational Epistemology 62
The Nonaka and Takeuchi Knowledge Spiral Model 64
The Choo Sense-Making KM Model 73
The Wiig Model for Building and Using Knowledge 76
The Boisot I-Space KM Model 82
Complex Adaptive System Models of KM 85
The European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) KM Model 89
The inukshuk KM Model 90
Strategic Implications of KM Models 92
Practical Implications of KM Models 92
Key Points 93
Discussion Points 93
References 95
4 Knowledge Capture and Codifi cation 97
Learning Objectives 97
Introduction 98
Tacit Knowledge Capture 101
Tacit Knowledge Capture at the Individual and Group Levels 102
Tacit Knowledge Capture at the Organizational Level 118
Explicit Knowledge Codifi cation 121
Cognitive Maps 121
Decision Trees 123
Knowledge Taxonomies 124
The Relationships among Knowledge Management, Competitive Intelligence, Business Intelligence,
and Strategic Intelligence 131
Strategic Implications of Knowledge Capture and Codifi cation 133
Practical Implications of Knowledge Capture and Codifi cation 134
Key Points 135
Discussion Points 135
References 136