Page 294 - Lindens Handbook of Batteries

12.14 PRIMARY BATTERIES

at ambient temperatures with less than 20% capacity loss is within the capabilities of the system.
Elevated-temperature storage is exceptionally good (approximately 15% loss per year at 80°C), and
since neither electrode should generate hydrogen, the cells can be hermetically sealed with minimal
risk of electrolyte leakage or cell distortion. 8

REFERENCES

1. C. L. Clarke, U.S. Patent 298,175 (1884).
2. S. Ruben, “Balanced Alkaline Dry Cells,” Proc. Electrochem. Soc. Gen. Meeting, Boston, Oct. 1947.
3. B. Berguss, “Cadmium-Mercuric Oxide Alkaline Cell,” Proc. Electrochem. Soc. Meeting, Chicago, Oct. 1965.
4. P. Ruetschi, “The Electrochemical Reactions in Mercuric Oxide-Zinc Cell,” in D. H. Collins (ed.), Power
Sources, vol. 4, Oriel Press, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, 1973, p. 381.
5. D. P. Gregory, P. C. Jones, and D. P. Redfearn, “The Corrosion of Zinc Anodes in Aqueous Alkaline
Electrolytes,” J. Electrochem. Soc. 119:1288 (1972).
6. T. P. Dirkse, “Passivation Studies on the Zinc Electrode,” in D. H. Collins (ed.), Power Sources, vol. 3,
Oriel Press, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, England, 1971, p. 485.
7. D. Weiss and G. Pearlman, “Characteristics of Prismatic and Button Mercuric Oxide-Cadmium Cells,” Proc.
Electrochem. Soc. Meeting, New York, Oct. 1974.
8. P. Ruetschi, “Longest Life Alkaline Primary Cells,” in J. Thompson (ed.), Power Sources, vol. 7, Academic,
London, 1979, p. 533.
9. S. A. G. Karunathilaka, N. A. Hampson, T. P. Haas, R. Leek, and T. J. Sinclair. “The Impedance of the Alkaline
Zinc-Mercuric Oxide Cell. I. Behaviour and Interpretation of Impedance Spectra.” J. Appl. Electrochem.
11 (1981).