Page 16 - Low Temperature Energy Systems with Applications of Renewable Energy

Principles and operation of refrigeration and heat pump systems 5

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energy consumption per ton of products or 1 m of production floor area, with data
from special literature, information from similar industries, and other similar materials.
The third stage assesses the energy savings and economic benefits of implementing
the various possible measures, and chooses a specific energy saving program for im-
mediate implementation. After that, the key technical and economic data are
determined.
The fourth stage involves the implementation of an energy saving program, the
launch of the PEM system as well as the continuation of the survey, the study of
the results obtained, etc. At this stage, a specific energy saving program is planned
and implemented, in which the energy auditor should not participate, since it must
be a person independent of suppliers and manufacturer of equipment. However, he
may enter into a contract for the implementation of monitoring and consulting func-
tions in the process of implementing the program.
For example, the methodology of conducting a PEA of a refrigeration facility in-
cludes the following stages:

• Calculation of energy consumption and its cost;
• Calculation of energy costs in different sectors of production;
• Critical analysis of energy flows;
• Formulation of a project on energy saving measures;
• Assessment of the project on energy saving measures;
• Reporting.

A quantitative view of current energy consumption and its cost outlines the scale of
the problem and determines where it is necessary to focus efforts to achieve the best
results of energy saving. The most comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of
the annual energy consumption provides a schedule for recording monthly energy con-
sumption. When calculating energy consumption and its cost, it is extremely important
to determine the level of consumption of individual energy sources and their correla-
tion with the total energy consumption. In the analysis of energy consumption for cold
production, the main thing is the estimation of electricity costs.
The analysis of electricity consumption has the following tasks:
• Determining the total power of the supplied feeding and total power of connected loads;
• Determining daily and seasonal load fluctuations;
• Determining the possibility of implementing a load curve;
• Determining the average annual power factor;
• Determining the means of correction of the power factors at the facility;
• Classifying the consumed electric energy by special purpose (electric engines, heating, light-
ing, specific technological processes, etc.).
As a result of the initial calculations, attention should be paid to the availability of
information concerning:
• Total cost of energy resources at the facility (including water supply costs);
• Consumption ratio according to the types of fuel;
• Nature of seasonal fluctuations in fuel consumption;
• Prices.