Page 54 - MODELING OF ASPHALT CONCRETE

32 Cha pte r T w o

Target Distress/Property
(No. of Agencies)
No. of
Type Class Agencies PD ∗ FC † LTC ‡ MD § AR ¶
Styrene Butadiene 28 18 8 10 3 6
Styrene (SBS)
Styrene Butadiene 16 13 5 5 0 2
Polymer- (SB)
Elastomer
Styrene Butadiene 17 10 4 4 1 2
Rubber Latex (SBR)
Tire Rubber 3 1 1
Polymer- Ethyl Vinyl Acetate 6 3 1
Plastomer (EVA)
Fatty Amidoamines 8 4
Anti-Stripping Polyamines 6 4
Agents Hydrated Lime 4 3
Others 7 3
Hydrocarbons Natural Asphalts 6 5
Cellulose 12 3 1 1
Polypropylene 7 4 1
Fibers
Polyester 6 4 1 1
Mineral 3 1 1 1
Processed- Air Blowing 4 2
Based
Mineral Lime 4 1
Fillers
Anti-Oxidants Hydrated Lime 7 4
Extenders Sulfur 4

∗ Permanent Deformation. † Fatigue Cracking. ‡ Low Temperature Cracking. § Moisture Damage.
¶ Aging Existence.
TABLE 2-3 Modifiers Most Commonly Used by State Highway Agencies

unique properties that modifiers were used to induce or enhance in the base asphalt
(Bahia 1995; King et al. 1992; Brule and Maze 1995). As discussed at the beginning of
this chapter modification targets included rigidity, elasticity, strength, brittleness, and
damage resistance.
To show the general trends in effect of modifiers on asphalt viscoelastic properties,
typical examples are shown in Fig. 2-7. The figure includes two plots, plot (a) depicts