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Fig. 8.8  Morphological and structural characteristics of typical ZnO NT bundles obtained by
         hydrothermal method: (A, B, and C) low-magnification and high-magnification images of the
         FE-SEM images of ZnO NT bundles; (D) TEM image. The upper-left and lower-right inset
         images of (D) are the SAED pattern and the HRTEM image of a single NT, respectively.
         Reprinted with permission from Q. Yu et al., Fabrication and optical properties of large-scale
         ZnO nanotube bundles via a simple solution route. J. Phys. Chem. C 111 (2007) 17521–17526.


























         Fig. 8.9  (A) SEM image of Nb 2 O 5  particle film, (B) SEM image of Nb 2 O 5  NRs, (C) SEM
         image of Nb 2 O 5  nanochannels, (D) SEM image of nanofibers of niobium pentoxide, (E) SEM
         image of Nb 2 O 5  nanopores, and (F) SEM image of Nb 2 O 5  nanoforests.
         Reprinted with permission from C.C. Raj, R. Prasanth, A critical review of recent
         developments in nanomaterials for photoelectrodes in dye sensitized solar cells. J. Power
         Sources 317 (2016) 120–132.
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