Page 76 - Oil and Gas Production Handbook An Introduction to Oil and Gas Production

Smaller ESD systems, e.g. on wellhead platforms, can be hydraulic or
hardwired (non-programmable).

6.1.3 Fire and Gas System
The Fire and Gas System is not
generally related to any particular
process. Instead it divides into fire areas
by geographical location. Each fire area
should be designed to be self-contained,
in that it should detect fire and gas by
several types of sensors, and control fire
protection and firefighting devices to
contain and fight fire within the fire area.
In the event of fire, the area will be
partially shut-off by closing ventilation
fire dampers. A fire area protection data
sheet typically shows what detection exists for each fire area and what fire
protection action should be taken in case of an incident.

A separate package related to fire and gas is the diesel- or electrically-driven
fire water pumps for the sprinkler and deluge ring systems. The type and
number of the detection, protection and fighting devices depend on the type
of equipment and size of the fire area and will vary for e.g. process areas,
electrical rooms and accommodation.

Fire detection:
- Gas detection: combustible and toxic gas, electro-catalytic or
optical (IR) detector.
- Flame detection: ultraviolet (UV) or infra red (IR) optical
detectors
- Fire detection: heat and ionic smoke detectors
- Manual pushbuttons

Firefighting, protection:
- Gas based firefighting such as CO 2

- Foam based firefighting
- Water based firefighting: sprinklers, mist (water spray) and
deluge
- Protection: Interface to emergency shutdown and HVAC fire
dampers.
- Warning and escape: PA systems, beacons/lights, fire door and
damper release

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